Katutubong vlog: Isang pagsusuri sa oryentalismo sa mga vlog tungkol sa iba’t bang Indigenous Cultural Communities/Indigenous People (ICCs/IPs) sa Pilipinas
Article
Abstrak
Nagbigay ang YouTube ng kakayahan sa mga tao at maging sa mga miyembro ng Indigenous Cultural Communities/Indigenous People (ICCs/IPs) na mag-upload, mag-publish, at manood ng mga video na hindi nangangailangan ng mataas na antas ng teknikal na kasanayan. Gamit ang lente ng Orientalism ni Edward Said, sinuri ng papel na ito ang mga vlog sa YouTube na tumatalakay sa buhay, kultura, at tradisyon ng mga katutubo sa Pilipinas. Sinuri sa papel na ang 20 video ng mga vlogger sa etik at emik na pananaw. Nahahati sa tatlong substansiyal na bahagi ang analisis ng papel: (1) oryentalismo sa emik na pananaw; (2) oryentalismo sa etik na pananaw; at (3) kritikal na paghahambing ng oryentalismo sa emik at etik na pananaw. Nahati sa dalawang seksiyon ang una at pangalawang substansiyal na bahagi ayon sa dalawang uri ng oryentalismo ni Said (1978) na latent at manifest. Sa pamamagitan ng mga vlog, nagkakaroon ng pagkakataon ang mga katutubo na bigyan ng sariling representasyon ang kanilang sarili at magsagawa ng counter-orientalism sa YouTube. Sa kabuuang pag-aaral ng representasyon ng mga katutubo sa YouTube, inaasahan na makapag-ambag ito ng panibago at mas malalim na pang-unawa sa indigenous studies sa Pilipinas.
Abstract
YouTube brings the opportunity for people even to the members of Indigenous Cultural Communities/Indigenous People (ICCs/IPs) to upload, publish, and watch videos that do not require higher technical skills. Using Edward Said’s concept of Orientalism this paper evaluates several vlogs that deal with the life, culture, and tradition of the Indigenous Peoples in the Philippines. This study examined twenty videos of Filipino vloggers from an etic and emic perspective. The analysis is divided into three substantial parts: (1) orientalism in etic perspective; (2) orientalism in emic perspective; and (3) critical comparison of orientalism in etic and emic perspective. The paper looked into the characteristics of latent and manifest orientalism. In YouTube, vlogging gave IPs new ways to practice self-representation and counter-orientalism. This research intends to contribute to a better understanding of digital ethnography and indigenous studies in the Philippines by providing new and in-depth information about the representation of Indigenous Peoples in YouTube.
Ibaloys “Reclaiming” Baguio: The Role of Intellectuals
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The recognition of the United States Supreme Court of “native title” in 1909 has been recognized as a landmark decision for indigenous peoples all over the world. Also called the Cariño doctrine, the ruling honors a Baguio Ibaloy whose ancestral land would eventually be expropriated for the construction of Baguio as an American hill station, later as the Philippines’ unofficial summer capital.
Fast-forward to 2014. Descendants of an Ibaloy family reclaim the land on which Casa Vallejo stands. Built in 1909, the building was originally Dormitory 4 for American soldiers. Salvador Vallejo converted it into a hotel in 1923. Persons with fond memories of the hotel claim the refurbished building is a ‘national heritage’ and should not be the subject of ancestral land claims.
The year 2014 also saw the largest turnout of Ibaloys in and around Baguio for the celebration on February 23 of Ibaloi Day, at the government-designated Ibaloi Heritage Garden in Burnham Park. Products of colonial and national educational systems, Ibaloy professionals and intellectuals played key roles in the institutionalization and implementation of such activities.
Despite their breakthroughs for recognition nationally through certain constitutional provisions, and internationally, are indigenous peoples now trapped in the discourse of nation?
